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Table 1 Clinical-demographic and anthropometric characteristics of children with recurrent infections in relation to thymus development according to its area

From: Relationship of thymic area with clinical-epidemiological variables and values of T-lymphocyte subpopulations in peripheral blood of children with recurrent infections

Characteristics

Development of the thymus according to area†ζ

Normal thymus n = 25

Slight hypoplasia of the thymus n = 19

Moderate hypoplasia of the thymus n = 24

Severe hypoplasia of the thymus n = 5

Demographic aspects

Age

 In months — median (IQR)

34.0 (29.0–58.5)

39.0 (19.0–46.0)

28.5 (22.3–39.8)

35.0 (13.0–71.0)

 Groups — no. (%)

 <12

0 (0.0)

1 (5.3)

2 (8.3)

1 (20.0)

 12–23

4 (16.0)

5 (26.3)

7 (29.2)

1 (20.0)

 24–35

7 (28.0)

2 (10.5)

5 (20.8)

1 (20.0)

 36–47

3 (12.0)

8 (42.1)

7 (29.2)

0 (0.0)

 48–59

5 (20.0)

1 (5.3)

2 (8.3)

0 (0.0)

 ≥ 60

6 (24.0)

2 (10.5)

1 (4.2)

2 (40.0)

Sex — no. (%)

 Female

11 (44.0)

10 (52.6)

12 (50.0)

4 (80.0)

 Male

14 (56.0)

9 (47.4)

12 (50.0)

1 (20.0)

Skin color — no. (%)

 White

11 (44.0)

12 (63.2)

17 (70.8)

4 (80.0)

 Mixed

7 (28.0)

2 (10.5)

6 (25.0)

1 (20.0)

 Black

7 (28.0)

5 (26.3)

1 (4.2)

0 (0.0)

Anthropometric aspects

 Weight at birth (g) — median (IQR)

3454 (3202–3700)

3120 (2812–3400)

3220 (2688–3621)

3234 (2941–3631)

 Size (cm) — mean (DS)

99.6 (±14.3)

94.5 (±14.8)

88.5 (±10.8)

89.8 (±21)

 Weight (kg) — mean (DS)

17.4 (±5.5)

15.1 (±4.8)

13.8 (±3.3)

13.3 (±4.6)

Perinatal and postnatal aspects

 Gestational age at delivery in weeks — median (IQR)

39.5 (38.4–40.3)

40.1 (39.1–40.4)

39.3 (38.2–40.2)

40.1 (38.3–41.5)

 Type of delivery — no. (%)

  Eutocic

11 (44.0)

6 (31.6)

11 (45.8)

2 (40.0)

  Dystocia requiring cesarean section

14 (56.0)

13 (68.4)

11 (45.8)

3 (60.0)

  Dystocia requiring instrumentation

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

2 (8.3)

0 (0.0)

  History of BF — mo. (%)

24 (96.0)

18 (94.7)

23 (95.8)

5 (100.0)

  Duration of BF in months — median (IQR)

8.00 (5.50–13.0)

10.0 (3.0–12.0)

5.00 (3.0–8.75)

6.00 (4.5–13.5)

Localization of infections — no. (%)ϕ

 Respiratory

24 (96.0)

19 (100.0)

23 (95.8)

5 (100.0)

 Dermatologic

8 (32.0)

7 (36.8)

12 (50.0)

1 (20.0)

 Digestive

5 (20.0)

4 (21.1)

5 (20.8)

3 (60.0)

 Systemic

4 (16.0)

3 (15.8)

3 (12.5)

1 (20.0)

 Genitourinary

1 (4.0)

1 (5.3)

2 (8.3)

0 (0.0)

 Myo-osteoarticular infection

0 (0.0)

1 (5.3)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

  1. Abbreviations: IQR inter-quartile range, g gram, cm centimeter, kg kilogram, BF breastfeeding
  2. †The comparison of the quantitative variables that do not follow a normal distribution did not reveal differences between groups on applying the Kruskal-Wallis test with a significance level of p < 0.05. The comparison of the weight and size variables did reveal differences
  3. ζThe comparison of the distribution of the qualitative variables did not reveal differences between the groups on applying Pearson’s χ2 test with a level of significance of p < 0.05
  4. ϕThere was no history of neurologic infections or cardiovascular infections in the participants