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Table 4 Comparisons of conventional Echocardiographic findings and tissue Doppler finding in different study groups

From: Epicardial fat thickness among neonates of diabetic mothers attending the neonatal intensive care unit at Fayoum University Hospital: a case control study

Variables

Group I (N = 18)

Group II (N = 18)

Group III (N = 18)

P value

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

IVSd (cm)

0.66 ± 0.18

0.65 ± 0.12

0.53 ± 0.06

0.9 a

0.009 b*

0.03 c*

IVSs (cm)

0.77 ± 0.12

0.76 ± 0.15

0.64 ± 0.11

0.9 a

0.01 b*

0.03 c*

LVIDd (cm)

1.4 ± 0.24

1.38 ± 0.23

1.78 ± 0.34

0.9 a

 < 0.001 b,c*

LVIDs (cm)

0.87 ± 0.18

0.91 ± 0.14

1.07 ± 0.17

0.09 a

0.001 b*

0.01 c*

LVPWd (cm)

0.49 ± 0.12

0.48 ± 0.09

0.48 ± 0.04

0.94

LVPWs (cm)

0.61 ± 0.13

0.59 ± 0.11

0.62 ± 0.11

0.81

EF (%)

71 ± 6.9

69.9 ± 7.9

69.5 ± 6.3

0.80

FS (%)

37.7 ± 6.3

36.6 ± 6.7

36.5 ± 4.9

0.79

TAPSE (mm)

11.33 ± 2.1

10.94 ± 1.9

11.83 ± 0.98

0.31

LA diameter (mm)

10.83 ± 1.5

11.44 ± 2 .2

11.61 ± 1.6

0.39

AR diameter (mm)

10.78 ± 1.3

11.22 ± 1.6

11.44 ± 0.98

0.30

LA/AR ratio

1 ± 0.10

1 ± 0.12

1 ± 0.09

0.99

EA ratio

1.13 ± 0.26

1.20 ± 0.27

1.21 ± 0.21

0.61

ESPAP (mmHg)

31.22 ± 10.1

34.67 ± 11.1

26.11 ± 3.7

0.75 a

0.27 b

0.01 c*

IVCT mitral (ms)

36.33 ± 8.1

37.56 ± .8

35.33 ± 7.9

0.70

IVRT mitral (ms)

42.7 ± 10.3

43 ± 9.9

36.7 ± 7.5

0.08

ET mitral (ms)

134.6 ± 21.9

139.1 ± 21.5

147.2 ± 26.3

0.26

Tie of mitral (ms)

0.59 ± 0.10

0.56 ± 0.11

0.49 ± 0.09

0.9 a

0.02 b*

0.17 c

  1. Group I: neonates of well-controlled diabetic mothers. Group II: neonates of poorly controlled diabetic mothers. Group III: neonates of healthy, non-diabetic mothers; SD standard deviation, *a, significance difference between Groups I and II; *b, significance difference between Groups I and III; *c, significance difference between Groups II and III; IVSd interventricular septum (diastole), IVSs interventricular septum (systole), LVIDd left ventricular internal dimensions (diastole), LVIDs left ventricular internal dimensions (systole), LVPWd left ventricular posterior wall (diastole), LVPWs left ventricular posterior wall in systole, EF ejection fraction, FS fraction shortening, TAPSE tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, LA left atrium, AR aortic root, EA E wave/A wave, ESPAP estimated pulmonary artery pressure, IVCT isovolumic contraction time, IVRT isovolumetric relaxation time, ET ejection time