Table 1 Clinical characteristics and therapeutic approach in pediatric patients with lichen sclerosus in our center
Age (years), mean ± SD | 8.4 ± 3.4 | Family history (n, %) | |
Sex | Psoriasis | 8 (13.3) | |
Males (n, %) | 17 (28.3) | Hypothyroidism | 6 (10.0) |
Females (n, %) | 43 (71.7) | Lichen sclerosus | 5 (8.3) |
Comorbidities (n, %) | Thyroiditis not otherwise specified | 4 (6.7) | |
Atopic dermatitis | 4 (6.7) | Atopic dermatitis | 3 (5.0) |
Psoriasis | 1 (1.7) | Rheumatoid arthritis | 3 (5.0) |
Alopecia areata | 1 (1.7) | Type 1 diabetes | 2 (3.0) |
Linear scleroderma | 1 (1.7) | Celiac disease | 2 (3.0) |
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis | 1 (1.7) | Vitiligo | 1 (1.7) |
Mediterranean anemia | 1 (1.7) | Universal alopecia | 1 (1.7) |
Aphthous stomatitis | 1 (1.7) | Hashimoto’s thyroiditis | 1 (1.7) |
Celiac disease | 1 (1.7) | Thalassemia | 1 (1.7) |
Systemic lupus erythematosus | 1 (1.7) | ||
Symptoms (n, %) | Spondylarthritis | 1 (1.7) | |
Itching | 27 (45) | Other autoimmune polyarthritis | 1 (1.7) |
Asymptomatic | 27 (45) | Topical treatments (n, %) | |
Burning | 14 (23.3) | Moisturizers and emollients | 48 (80.0) |
Pain | 1 (1.7) | Tacrolimus 0.1% | 28 (46.7) |
Involved areas (M) (n, %) | Vitamin E | 23 (38.3) | |
Inner leaflet of the foreskin | 14 (82.4) | Pimecrolimus 1% | 21 (35.0) |
Outer leaflet of the foreskin | 12 (70.6) | Tacrolimus 0.03% | 13 (21.7) |
Glans | 10 (58.8) | Mometasone furoate 0.05% | 11 (18.3) |
Preputial groove | 3 (17.6) | Methylprednisolone aceponate 0.1% | 9 (15.0) |
Penis shaft | 2 (11.8) | Fluticasone propionate | 2 (3.3) |
External urethral meatus | 1 (5.9) | Mometasone furoate 0.1% | 1 (1.7) |
Involved areas (F) (n, %) | |||
Small and large genital lips involved | 39 (90.7) | ||
Vulvar vestibule | 35 (81.4) | ||
Clitoris | 31 (71.1) | ||
Perianal area | 18 (41.9) | ||
Fourchette | 13 (30.2) | ||
Perineum | 7 (16.3) |