Prevalence of bronchial asthma and correlation between the chemokine receptor 3 gene polymorphism and clinical asthma phenotypes among Egyptian asthmatic children

Egyptian Pediatric Association Gazette

Table 3 Associated medical risk factors for development of childhood bronchial asthma among studied children

Risk factor	Total	Asthmatic	Significance test	P value	OR
Risk factor	n = 602	n = 124(%)	χ2	P value	(95%CI)
Past history of infection:
Measles	24	2 (8)	3.1	0.07	0.2(0.06–1.2)
Whooping cough	52	9 (17)	1.1	0.2	0.6(0.3–1.4)
TB	7	1 (14)	0.4	0.5	0.5(0.06–4.4)
Parasites	154	24 (15)	4.6	0.03*	0.5(0.3–0.9)
None (r)	365	88 (24)
Allergic rhinitis
Yes	149	45 (30)	11.15	.0008*	2 (1.3–3.1)
No(r)	453	79 (17.4)	11.15	.0008*	2 (1.3–3.1)
Atopic dermatitis
Yes	119	27 (22.7)	0.39	0.5	1.16 (0.7–1.8)
No(r)	483	97 (20)	0.39	0.5	1.16 (0.7–1.8)
Mother history of allergic disease
Yes	119	41 (34.5)	17.4	0.0003*	2.5 (1.6–3.9)
No	483	83 (17.2)	17.4	0.0003*	2.5 (1.6–3.9)
Mother history of bronchial asthma
Yes	64	25 (39.1)	14.9	0.0001*	2.8 (1.6–4.9)
No	538	99 (18.4)	14.9	0.0001*	2.8 (1.6–4.9)
Mother history of hay fever
Yes	14	5 (35.7)	1.99	0.15	2.1 (0.7–6.6)
No	588	119 (20.2)	1.99	0.15	2.1 (0.7–6.6)
Mother history of atopic dermatitis
Yes	41	11 (26.8)	1.04	0.3	1.4 (0.7–2.9)
No	561	113 (20.1)	1.04	0.3	1.4 (0.7–2.9)
Father history of allergic diseases
Yes	76	23 (30.3)	4.9	0.02*	1.8 (1.06–3.1)
No	526	101(19.2)	4.9	0.02*	1.8 (1.06–3.1)
Father history of bronchial asthma
Yes	52	16 (30.8)	3.6	0.05*	1.8(0.9–3.9)
No	550	108 (19.6)	3.6	0.05*	1.8(0.9–3.9)
Father history of hay fever
Yes	3	0 (0)	0.78	0.3	0.7(0.7–0.8)
No	599	124 (20.7)	0.78	0.3	0.7(0.7–0.8)
Father history of atopic dermatitis
Yes	21	7 (33.3)	2.2	0.1	2.0 (0.7–5.06)
No	580	116 (20)	2.2	0.1	2.0 (0.7–5.06)

Row percent is considered, (r): reference group, Significance test χ2 chi-square test, OR odd’s ratio, CI confidence interval and *significant p value < 0.05
The above table showed the asthmatic children who were not previously exposed to parasitic infection are statistically more than children who were previously exposed to the same infection (P value = 0.03). Children with history allergic rhinitis develop asthma significantly more than those who did not have history of allergic rhinitis (p value = 0.0008). Also, children with family history of allergic disease and bronchial asthma develop asthma significantly more than those without family history of allergic disease and bronchial asthma (p value = 0.0003, 0.0001, 0.02, and 0.05) respectively while there were no significant difference as regards parents’ history of hay fever and atopic dermatitis (p < 0.05)