Table 3 Comparison of the current study with previous studies
Reference | Sample size | GA/BW | Age at testing | Noise exposure | Results | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cardoso et al. [7] | 61 | Low birth weight neonates | Term, preterm | Ambient noise | An increase in HR A decrease in O2 saturation | < 0.05 |
Steinschneider et al. [8] | 9 | Term | 2 + / − 5 days | 100 dB | Increase in HR | - |
Wharrad and Davis et al. [9] | 42 | Preterm: 32 weeks (mean) Full term | Full term: 5 days Preterm: 20-day mean | 0, 80, 90, or 100 dBA for 5 s | Heart rate increased in all infants | < 0.01 |
Vranekovic et al. [10] | 45 | Preterm: < 1750 g Full term | Full term: 43–86 h Preterm: 26.6 days mean | 100 dB warbled tone for 5 s | Initial increase and then decrease in all infants Less change in HR in preterm infants | < 0.05 |
Field et al. [11] | 36 | Preterm: 31–36 weeks Full term | Full term: 2–3 days Preterm: 23-day mean | 90-dB rattle or buzzer for 2.5 s | Increased in all infants | < 0.01 |
Long et al. [12] | 2 | 34–35 weeks | 7 days | 70–15 dBA sudden loud NICU noise | Increased with all stimuli | NA |
Zahr and Balian [13] | 55 | 23–37 weeks | 48 h–21 days | Nursing interventions, NICU alarms | Increased with noise and nursing interventions | > 0.05 |
Current study | 40 | 32–40 weeks | 1–30 days | Ambient noise Average intensity: 65 dB Peak intensity: 74 dB | Increase in HR and RR | < 0.05 |